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Computer Components and Hardwares

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Basic hardware components of a personal computer, including a monitor, a motherboard, a CPU, a RAM, two expansion cards, a power supply, an optical disc drive, a hard disk drive, a keyboard and a mouse Inside a custom-built computer: power supply at the bottom has its own cooling fan.


Accessories such as a keyboard and mouse may be essential in order to operate your computer. Others - such as headphones, cameras, graphics tablets and barcode readers - may be useful for specialist tasks or the facilitate certain ways of working.


The CPU runs everything. The Power Supply Unit powers everything. The hard drives and SSDs provide long terms memory storage. The RAM provides short term storage while running a program.

Country Of Origin : India

  • Additional information

    Advance Information*

    Overview of Computer Components and Hardware

    In the realm of modern computing, the components and hardware that make up a personal computer are crucial in determining both its performance and usability. Understanding these components not only helps in making informed purchasing decisions but also aids in troubleshooting and upgrading your system. This extensive guide will detail each critical component of a personal computer, providing a comprehensive understanding of their functions, specifications, and importance within the computer system.

    Essential Hardware Components

    A typical personal computer comprises several essential hardware components. These are the cornerstone of any computing system and include:

    • Monitor
    • Motherboard
    • Central Processing Unit (CPU)
    • Random Access Memory (RAM)
    • Expansion Cards
    • Power Supply Unit (PSU)
    • Optical Disc Drive
    • Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid State Drive (SSD)
    • Keyboard
    • Mouse

    Monitor

    The monitor is the primary output device of a computer system. It displays the visual output from the computer's graphics card, allowing users to interact with the system and access its functions.

    • Types: LCD, LED, OLED, and CRT.
    • Sizes: Common sizes range from 19" to 34" and beyond.
    • Resolution: Varies from 720p (HD) to 2160p (4K) and higher.
    • Refresh Rate: Standard monitors often have a refresh rate of 60Hz, while gaming monitors may go up to 240Hz or more.

    Motherboard

    The motherboard is the main printed circuit board (PCB) in a computer. It connects all the components together and allows communication between them.

    • Form Factors: ATX, Micro-ATX, Mini-ITX.
    • Socket Types: Varies by processor compatibility (e.g., LGA 1151 for Intel, AM4 for AMD).
    • Chipsets: Determines compatibility with CPUs, GPUs, RAM, and other components.

    Central Processing Unit (CPU)

    The CPU is often referred to as the brain of the computer. It performs most of the processing inside the system.

    • Cores and Threads: Modern CPUs have multiple cores (quad-core, hexa-core, octa-core) and may support multi-threading.
    • Clock Speed: Measured in GHz, indicating how many cycles per second the CPU can execute.
    • Cache: Includes L1, L2, and L3 cache memory for faster processing.

    Random Access Memory (RAM)

    RAM is volatile memory used by the CPU to store data that is being actively used or processed.

    • Capacity: Typically ranges from 4GB to 64GB and beyond.
    • Type: DDR3, DDR4, and the latest DDR5.
    • Speed: Measured in MHz, affecting data transfer rates.

    Expansion Cards

    Expansion cards are used to add extra functionalities to a computer system.

    • Types: Graphics cards (GPUs), sound cards, network cards, USB expansion cards, etc.
    • Slots: Fit into PCI or PCIe (PCI Express) slots on the motherboard.

    Power Supply Unit (PSU)

    The PSU converts mains electricity into a usable form for the computer components.

    • Wattage: Ranges from 300W to 1000W or more, depending on system requirements.
    • Efficiency Ratings: 80 PLUS certification (Bronze, Silver, Gold, Platinum, Titanium) indicates efficiency levels.
    • Form Factor: ATX is the most common.

    Optical Disc Drive

    An optical disc drive reads and/or writes data to optical discs such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-rays.

    • Types: CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, Blu-ray Disc.
    • Speed: Indicates how fast the drive can read/write data (e.g., 24x CD, 16x DVD).

    Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid State Drive (SSD)

    These drives provide long-term storage for all your data.

    • HDD: Includes moving parts, generally offers more storage for less cost.
    • Capacity: Ranges from 500GB to 18TB.
    • RPM: Speed of data retrieval, commonly 5400 or 7200 RPM.
    • SSD: Faster than HDDs, with no moving parts.
    • Capacity: Ranges from 120GB to 2TB and more.
    • Types: SATA, NVMe (much faster).

    Keyboard

    An essential input device used for typing and command inputs.

    • Types: Mechanical, membrane, chiclet.
    • Connectivity: Wired (USB or PS/2) or wireless (Bluetooth/RF).

    Mouse

    Another essential input device, used for pointer-based interactions with the computer.

    • Types: Optical, laser.
    • Buttons: Usually includes left-click, right-click, and scroll wheel; some have additional programmable buttons.
    • Connectivity: Wired (USB) or wireless

    *Disclaimer: This additional description has been automatically generated and has not been audited or verified for accuracy. It is recommended to verify product details independently before making any purchasing decisions.

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