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When an eye is severely damaged by trauma or disease, it may be necessary to remove it surgically. The most common procedures are evisceration (removal of the contents of the eye) or enucleation (removal of the eye itself). Eye spheres are permanent implants to occupy the cavity that results from surgery. Conformers are temporary devices, which maintain the shape of the eye and prevent closure or adhesion during the healing process. When healing is complete, conformers are replaced with a prosthesis.
When an eye is severely damaged by trauma or disease, surgical intervention such as evisceration (removal of the contents of the eye) or enucleation (removal of the eye itself) may be necessary. To address the anatomical and aesthetic concerns post-surgery, ocular implants such as the Eye Sphere 12mm, manufactured by Akriti, are widely utilized. These permanent implants are designed to occupy the cavity created by surgical removal of the eye and to aid in the proper healing process.
The Eye Sphere 12mm serves a critical role in post-enucleation and post-evisceration care. The primary functions include:
Occupying the Ocular Cavity: After the removal of the eye contents or the eye itself, the Eye Sphere 12mm fills the resulting empty space, preventing unnatural indentation or collapse of the eyelids.
Maintaining Facial Symmetry: By replacing the volume of the removed eye, the implant helps in preserving facial symmetry, which is crucial not only for aesthetic purposes but also for the psychological well-being of the patient.
Acting as a Base for Prosthetics: The Eye Sphere 12mm provides a stable platform for the eventual fitting of a custom ocular prosthesis. This ensures that the prosthesis fits snugly and functions correctly.
The Eye Sphere 12mm is crafted from medical-grade polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or porous polyethylene, both of which are known for their high biocompatibility, durability, and resistance to infection. The choice of material is instrumental in ensuring that the implant is both functional and safe for long-term use.
Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA): This material is renowned for its clarity, stability, and resistance to biodegradation. PMMA has been widely used in various medical applications due to its inertness and compatibility with human tissue.
Porous Polyethylene: This alternative offers additional benefits of tissue ingrowth, which can provide better stabilization and integration with the surrounding ocular structures.
In the procedure known as evisceration, the contents of the eye are removed, while the sclera (the white outer layer of the eyeball) and connected extraocular muscles are left intact. The Eye Sphere 12mm is then placed within the scleral shell. This technique preserves more of the eye's natural structure, potentially leading to better movement of the prosthetic and a more natural appearance.
During enucleation, the entire eyeball is excised, leaving the eye muscles and an appropriate length of optic nerve intact. The Eye Sphere 12mm is introduced into the orbital cavity, providing volume replacement and maintaining the natural contour of the eye socket. The muscles are often sutured to the implant to allow movement of the prosthetic eye.
After the placement of the Eye Sphere 12mm, temporary devices known as conformers are employed during the healing phase. Conformers are designed to:
Maintain the Shape of the Eye: They prevent the closure or adhesion of the eye socket's tissues, ensuring that it retains its shape and contour during the critical healing period.
Provide Initial Structural Support: As the tissues heal around the Eye Sphere 12mm, the conformer ensures that the spherical implant remains properly positioned.
Once healing is complete, typically in a few weeks to months, the conformer is replaced with a custom ocular prosthesis, which is designed to match the appearance of the natural eye.
The Eye Sphere 12mm offers significant aesthetic benefits by maintaining the orbital volume and supporting the prosthesis, which can be meticulously crafted to match the patient's remaining eye. Functionally, the implant and subsequent prosthesis can move in coordination with the natural eye, providing a more realistic and visually appealing outcome.
While the Eye Sphere 12mm suits many patients, Akriti also offers a range of sizes to accommodate individual anatomical differences. The variants include diameters ranging from 10mm to 22mm, ensuring a perfect fit for every patient:
